Identify what your recipe needs: tender bites (hearts), briny tang (olives), or creamy body (hearts of palm/chickpeas).
Choose the closest swap from the ingredient list, then use the listed ratio to replace artichoke hearts.
Drain and chop substitutes that come canned (hearts of palm, chickpeas) so the dish doesn’t turn watery.
Adjust seasoning: if the substitute is salty (olives), reduce added salt; if it’s not tangy (eggplant), add acid (lemon/vinegar).
Finish to match texture: bake/sauté briefly for tender bites, or blend/smash for dip-like consistency.