Choose your goal: keep crunchy crystals (turbinado/raw) or keep caramel flavor (brown/muscovado).
Use the 1:1 ratio first, then adjust for texture: if your substitute is softer, reduce by 10–15% for less pooling.
For “granulated + molasses,” stir until fully dissolved so you don’t get dark streaks in batter.
Taste-test sweetness in wet batters: brown-leaning swaps can read sweeter and darker, especially in quick breads.
If you’re topping (cookies/scones), press the crystals lightly onto the dough so you get a crisp edge.