Identify your dish style (stir-fry, soups/broth, noodles, or marinades) and whether you want a liquid seasoning effect.
Choose the closest match from the table based on flavor goals: salt/umami depth, sauce-like thickness, or quick emergency savory boost.
Start slightly under the listed ratio, especially with fish sauce and miso, then adjust after 1 taste cycle while the food is hot.
If your substitute is concentrated or thick (bouillon powder, miso, oyster sauce), dissolve or thin with water so it distributes evenly.
For sweeter-rounded “Maggi-like” flavor, add a small pinch of sugar (or a tiny splash of mirin) only if your dish tastes too sharp.