Match your use: for soups/sauces choose a swap that disperses (processed granules or flakes); for dry rubs you can keep a slightly coarser texture.
Start with the ratio in the table above: begin with 1:1 for closest dry swaps, then adjust if your swap is wetter (fresh onion) or includes extra salt (dip mix).
If using granulated onion or flakes, pulse/crush until finer so the blend behaves more like powder.
For fresh onion, grate then squeeze through a paper towel so you don’t thin sauces or make rubs clumpy.
Taste after the first cooking minute (or after mixing for no-cook blends) and correct: add salt for savory lift or a pinch of sugar to mimic onion-powder sweetness.