Choose a substitute based on what you’re making: soups/sauces benefit most from dried mushrooms + soaking liquid.
Use the table’s ratio as your starting point, then adjust seasoning after tasting (especially salt and browning depth).
If using dried mushrooms, soak in hot water 15–20 minutes; strain and stir the soaking liquid into the dish.
If using fresh mushrooms, sauté in a hot pan until browned; crowding prevents the deeper porcini-like flavor.
Taste and fine-tune: add a small pinch of salt for savory depth or a tiny splash of soaking liquid to re-intensify aroma.