Identify your cook method (pan-sear, bake, poach, or roast) and choose the closest substitute from the table that matches your desired flake vs firmness.
Use the listed 1:1 ratio for portion size; if your substitute is oilier (salmon), use lighter seasoning/fats.
Cook gently and stop when the fish flakes easily; trout and char often cook faster than firm white fish—check early.
If the substitute seems dry (cod), add moisture with a foil packet, splash of broth, or a quick sauce at the end.
Taste and adjust: trout/char flavors take well to lemon and herbs, while salmon benefits from salt balance and bright acids.