Decide your goal: crunch (coleslaw-style), tenderness (quick sauté), or color (baking/visuals).
Choose the closest substitute from the ratio table, then prep it to match the texture (thin shred, remove tough stems, or drain pickles).
If the substitute is milder (like green cabbage or broccoli stems), add acid (vinegar/lemon) a little at a time to reach the same tang.
If you’re replacing for color (like in baking), boost color with beet juice or a small amount of beetroot until it matches your recipe’s look.
Taste and adjust at the end: if it’s too sharp, mellow with a pinch of sugar or more oil; if it’s too mild, add a bit more vinegar.