Choose the substitute based on cooking style: browning (portobello/cremini), quick sauté (oyster), or maximum umami (dried porcini).
Measure using the listed ratio; for dried mushrooms, reconstitute first and chop the softened pieces.
Brown or sauté until you see color (not steaming) so the flavor concentrates like shiitake.
If the substitute is milder (button) or watery (canned), add salt carefully and extend cooking to reduce excess moisture.
Taste at the end and adjust the rest of the dish’s seasoning to account for the substitute’s saltiness/strength.