Decide what you need: crackly crunch (toppings) or caramel-brown flavor (baking/crumbs).
Match the closest option from the table using the listed ratio, then measure again if your recipe uses packable sugar.
If your substitute is wetter (honey), reduce any added liquid by a small amount and let batter rest 5 minutes to hydrate.
If your substitute is drier (granulated+molasses), whisk thoroughly so the molasses doesn’t clump into dark streaks.
Taste and adjust: add a pinch more brown character with extra molasses (1–2 drops) or sweetness with a tiny amount of sugar.