Identify your dish style (soups/stews/braises vs rice) and decide whether you need mostly woody-herbal aroma or a slightly spiced depth.
Choose the closest match from the table: start with Turkish bay leaf; if unavailable, use oregano for a bay-leaf-like herbal background.
Apply the ratio by substituting the listed amount for each bay leaf you would have used.
If your substitute is smaller/granular (oregano, thyme, cumin), crush or toast briefly, then simmer 5–10 minutes so it blooms.
Taste after simmering: if the flavor is too strong, reduce by steeping for less time next batch; if bland, extend simmering.