Choose your substitute based on the dish type and desired flavor match. Consider whether you want depth and color, bright acidity, or savory umami.
Prepare the substitute as directed: adjust ratios and prep as noted for each option. Mix molasses, cocoa, or soy sauce into the liquid before adding to the pot.
Apply the substitution ratio carefully. Start with the stated 1:1 amount and adjust to taste after the first 10 minutes of cooking.
Taste and adjust seasoning. Some substitutes shift sweetness or saltiness slightly, so balance with chili powder, vinegar, or a pinch of salt as needed.