Choose your substitute based on what you’re making: glaze/sauce stickiness vs cookie chew vs flavor-forward sweetness.
Start with the listed ratio. If your substitute is thinner (agave) simmer 1–2 minutes longer to thicken.
If your substitute is sweeter (honey, maple), start with the reduced ratio and taste the batter or sauce.
For molasses, reduce to the emergency ratio and consider adding a pinch of salt to balance the bitterness.
Use immediately for best adhesion, or let it cool slightly so it clings better to surfaces.