Decide what role the leek plays in your recipe: bulk (sauté/soup), tenderness (braised), or mild allium flavor (finishing/baking).
Pick the closest match from the table by texture: scallion (tender), onion/shallot (mild onion base), celery (vegetal), or garlic greens (green aroma).
Use the listed ratio for your chosen substitute; when using onion-based swaps, start slightly lower and adjust after cooking.
For wetter substitutes (celery, chopped greens), cook a minute longer or drain/press if your batter/sauce feels loose.
Taste at the end: add a pinch of salt/seasoning to bring out sweetness, especially if you swapped with onion.