Match your use: garnish/crunch, ground flavor, or sauce/thickening (different substitutes work better in each case).
Start with the 1:1 ratio listed in your table; if your dish needs less thickness (like a dry garnish), reduce to ¾:1.
If aroma matters, toast your substitute for 2-5 minutes until fragrant, then cool so it doesn’t soften other ingredients.
For seed-based textures (coatings or toppings), keep substitutes intact; for smooth textures (sauces/dough), grind first.
Taste after mixing and adjust: add a pinch of salt for savory dishes, or add a small sweetener pinch for baked goods if the substitute reads bitter.