Identify whether your recipe needs neutral flavor (most baking) or higher heat (frying/searing).
Pick the substitute that matches your goal: canola/sunflower/safflower for neutrality, olive/avocado for mild character, refined coconut for an emergency swap.
Use the listed 1:1 ratio; for solid or thick oils (like coconut), warm until fully liquid first.
If your batter feels thicker than expected, mix 1–2 tablespoons of the same substitute per batch or adjust with a splash of water/milk.
Bake as directed and taste-check after cooling; stronger-flavored oils may slightly shift sweetness or aroma.