Choose your substitute based on the dish type and desired flavor match. Use the decision guide to identify whether you need structure, crispiness, moisture absorption, or elasticity.
Prepare the substitute as directed: adjust ratios and prep as noted for each option. Coconut flour requires reduced quantity plus extra eggs and liquid; rice flour may need a binder like xanthan gum for bread.
Apply the substitution ratio carefully. Start with the stated amount and adjust to taste and texture as the recipe develops.
Taste and adjust seasoning. Some substitutes, especially tapioca starch, are bland on their own and need additional salt, herbs, or spices in savory applications.